{"hq_id":"hq-p-pet-000011","name":"Dry Dog Food (kibble)","category":{"primary":"pet_care","secondary":"pet_food","tags":["dog","pet_food","mycotoxin","acrylamide","preservatives"]},"product_tier":"PET","overall_risk_level":"moderate","description":"Extruded dry dog food (kibble). Nutritionally complete but contains processing contaminants: acrylamide from high-temperature extrusion, heterocyclic amines from meat rendering, aflatoxins from grain contamination, and BHA/BHT preservatives. Mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A) is the leading cause of pet food recalls. Heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd) from animal meal and bone meal. Melamine adulteration risk in imported protein meals.","synthesis":{"derived_risk_level":"low","synthesis_confidence":0.82,"synthesis_method":"compound_composition","context_used":"human_adult","context_source":"default","exposure_modifier":1.15,"vulnerability_escalated":false,"escalation_reason":null,"compounds_resolved":5,"compounds_total":5,"synthesis_date":"2026-03-27","synthesis_version":"1.0.0"},"hazard_summary":{"overall_risk":"moderate","primary_concerns":["Mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin recalls)","Processing contaminants (acrylamide, heterocyclic amines)","BHA/BHT synthetic preservatives","Heavy metal accumulation from animal/bone meal"],"sensitive_populations":"Puppies, senior dogs, dogs with liver disease","exposure_routes":"Ingestion (daily, lifetime)"},"exposure":{"routes":["ingestion"],"contact_types":[],"users":["dogs"],"duration":"lifetime","frequency":"daily","scenarios":[],"notes":"Primary diet; 1-2 meals daily for dog's entire life"},"consumer_guidance":{"red_flags":["Ethoxyquin listed as preservative","Imported protein meal (melamine risk)","Recalls on brand's history","BHA/BHT in top ingredients"],"green_flags":["Mixed tocopherols as preservative","Named animal protein first ingredient","Third-party tested for mycotoxins","AAFCO feeding trial completed"],"what_to_ask":["What preservative system is used?","Is the product third-party tested for aflatoxins?","What is the source country of protein meals?"],"alternatives":["Fresh/raw diet (vet-supervised)","Air-dried or freeze-dried kibble (lower acrylamide)","Tocopherol-preserved brands"],"notes":null},"regulatory":{"applicable_regulations":["AAFCO nutrient profiles","FDA CVM pet food regulations","FDA aflatoxin action level (20 ppb)","EU Regulation 767/2009 (animal feed)"],"certifications":[],"labeling":{},"recalls":[],"regulatory_gap":null,"notes":null},"lifecycle":{"recyclable":"bag typically not recyclable","disposal_guidance":"Compost uneaten food; bag to landfill","hazardous_waste":false,"expected_lifespan":"12-18 months sealed, 4-6 weeks opened"},"formulation":{"form":"extruded_kibble","key_ingredients":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000427","name":"Acrylamide","role":"processing_contaminant","concentration_pct":"trace"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000165","name":"Aflatoxin B1","role":"contamination_risk","concentration_pct":"trace"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000466","name":"BHA","role":"preservative","concentration_pct":"0.01-0.02"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000467","name":"BHT","role":"preservative","concentration_pct":"0.01-0.02"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000478","name":"Ethoxyquin","role":"preservative","concentration_pct":"0-0.015"}],"certifications":[]},"materials":{"common":[],"concerning":[],"preferred":[]},"compound_composition":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000427","compound_name":"Acrylamide","role":"contaminant","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000165","compound_name":"Aflatoxin B1","role":"mycotoxin","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000466","compound_name":"BHA","role":"preservative","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000467","compound_name":"BHT","role":"preservative","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000478","compound_name":"Ethoxyquin","role":"preservative","typical_concentration":null}],"identifiers":{"manufacturer":"","common_names":[],"aliases":[],"brands":[]},"brand_examples":[{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand A","manufacturer":"Consumer Products Corporation","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Widely available mass-market option"},{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand B","manufacturer":"Consumer Goods Ltd","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Popular budget alternative"},{"brand":"Premium Brand A","manufacturer":"Premium Consumer Inc","market_position":"premium","notable":"Upscale premium positioning"},{"brand":"Professional Brand","manufacturer":"Professional Products Co","market_position":"professional","notable":"Professional/salon-grade option"},{"brand":"Specialty Eco-Brand","manufacturer":"Natural Products Ltd","market_position":"premium","notable":"Sustainable/natural product line"}],"sources":[{"type":"expert_curation","name":"ALETHEIA Safety Database","date":"2026-03-23"},{"type":"regulation","title":"AAFCO nutrient profiles","jurisdiction":"","id":"src_a108cfdf"},{"type":"regulation","title":"FDA CVM pet food regulations","jurisdiction":"","id":"src_882cfc2d"},{"type":"regulation","title":"FDA aflatoxin action level (20 ppb)","jurisdiction":"","id":"src_8ce4d04a"},{"type":"regulation","title":"EU Regulation 767/2009 (animal feed)","jurisdiction":"","year":2009,"id":"src_76525e4c"},{"id":"epa_melphalan_2000","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA Melphalan: Carcinogenic to Humans; NIOSH Hazardous Drug; Isolated Limb Perfusion Melanoma/Sarcoma; MP Regimen Elderly Myeloma Historical AML Risk; Hydrolytic Instability Environmental Mitigation","year":2000,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000427"},{"id":"iarc_melphalan_vol100a_2012","type":"iarc_monograph","title":"IARC Monographs Volume 100A: Pharmaceuticals — Melphalan Group 1; AML in Multiple Myeloma Patients; Bifunctional Guanine N7 Alkylation; del(5q)/del(7q) Alkylator-AML Karyotype; High-dose Transplant Conditioning","year":2012,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000427"},{"id":"ncpc_aconitine_poisoning","type":"scientific","title":"National Capital Poison Center: Aconitine (Aconitum napellus) — Mechanism of Action, Human Poisoning Epidemiology, Cardiac Emergency Management, and Case Fatalities (2014)","year":2014,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000165"},{"id":"aspca_aconitum_monkshood","type":"veterinary","title":"ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center: Monkshood/Wolfsbane (Aconitum spp.) — Aconitine Cardiotoxicity in Dogs and Cats, Rapid Progression, and Clinical Outcomes","year":2018,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000165"},{"id":"epa_emamectin_proclaim_registration_2018","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA FIFRA Emamectin Benzoate Proclaim Registration 2018: Not Likely Carcinogenic; LD50 ~76 mg/kg Moderately Toxic; Restricted Entry Interval 12h; GluCl Invertebrate Selective; Blood-Brain Barrier Avermectin; Daphnia EC50 0.0023 mg/L Extremely Toxic Aquatic","year":2018,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000466"},{"id":"emamectin_aquaculture_slice_sea_lice","type":"regulatory","title":"Emamectin Benzoate Slice Aquaculture Sea Lice Atlantic Salmon: Marine Invertebrate Crustacean Non-target Risk; Mysid Shrimp LC50 0.0012 mg/L; EU Aquaculture Veterinary Medicine Assessment; Lobster Crab Shrimp Adjacent Waters Risk","year":2020,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000466"},{"id":"epa_spinetoram_delegate_registration_2021","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA FIFRA Biopesticide Spinetoram Delegate WG Radiant SC Registration 2021: Not Likely Carcinogenic; LD50 ~2579 mg/kg; OMRI Organic Listed; Semi-synthetic Spinosyn J L; Bee Evening Application Restriction; High Koc Low Aquatic Mobility","year":2021,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000467"},{"id":"efsa_spinetoram_peer_review_2020","type":"regulatory","title":"EFSA Spinetoram Peer Review 2020: Not Carcinogenic Not Genotoxic; ADI Established; Low Mammalian Toxicity; Daphnia EC50 0.0153 mg/L Highly Toxic Crustacean; Organic Approval Basis; Broader Spectrum vs Spinosad","year":2020,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000467"},{"id":"efsa_cyanotoxins_food_drinking_water_2016","type":"regulatory","title":"EFSA Scientific Opinion Cyanotoxins Food Drinking Water 2016: Nodularin Cyclic Pentapeptide PP1 PP2A Inhibitor; Nodularia spumigena Baltic Sea Blooms; Tumor Promoter Rodent Liver; LD50 ~30-50 μg/kg; Not IARC Classified","year":2016,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000478"}],"meta":{"schema_version":"4.0.0","last_updated":"2026-03-22","timestamp":"2026-05-02T18:30:34.951Z"}}