{"hq_id":"hq-p-out-000036","name":"Rose spray (combination fungicide + insecticide)","category":{"primary":"outdoor","secondary":"garden pesticide","tags":["rose spray","myclobutanil","tau-fluvalinate","fungicide","insecticide","garden"]},"product_tier":"OUT","overall_risk_level":"moderate_to_high","description":"Combination garden spray for roses containing myclobutanil (triazole systemic fungicide), tau-fluvalinate (pyrethroid insecticide), and sometimes neem oil (azadirachtin). Myclobutanil is a DMI (demethylation inhibitor) fungicide that blocks ergosterol synthesis in fungi. Tau-fluvalinate is a synthetic pyrethroid highly toxic to bees (LD50 0.2 ug/bee). Neem oil is a natural insecticide/miticide. Primary concerns are pollinator toxicity (tau-fluvalinate), dermal/inhalation exposure during spraying, and myclobutanil's endocrine-disrupting properties (inhibits CYP19 aromatase).","synthesis":{"derived_risk_level":"low","synthesis_confidence":0.82,"synthesis_method":"compound_composition","context_used":"human_adult","context_source":"product_users","exposure_modifier":1.1,"vulnerability_escalated":false,"escalation_reason":null,"compounds_resolved":2,"compounds_total":2,"synthesis_date":"2026-03-27","synthesis_version":"1.0.0"},"hazard_summary":{"sensitive_populations":"bees, aquatic_organisms","overall_risk":"moderate-high","primary_concerns":["Pollinator toxicity: tau-fluvalinate is lethal to bees at nanogram levels","Endocrine disruption: myclobutanil inhibits aromatase (CYP19)","Dermal/inhalation exposure during repeated spraying"],"exposure_routes":"dermal, inhalation, environmental"},"exposure":{"routes":["dermal","inhalation"],"contact_types":["skin_direct","inhalation"],"users":["adult"],"duration":"acute","frequency":"weekly_to_biweekly","scenarios":["Dermal exposure during spraying (hands, arms, face)","Inhalation of spray mist","Pollinator exposure on treated blooms","Runoff into waterways"],"notes":"Rose gardeners often spray weekly during growing season, creating cumulative occupational-style exposure."},"consumer_guidance":{"red_flags":[{"indicator":"Contains tau-fluvalinate + applied to flowering plants","meaning":"Direct pollinator kill on treated blooms","action":"Spray only in evening; avoid open blooms; consider pollinator-safe alternatives"}],"green_flags":[],"what_to_ask":[],"alternatives":[{"name":"Neem oil spray (standalone)","notes":"Lower pollinator toxicity than synthetic pyrethroids; effective fungicide/insecticide for many garden pests"},{"name":"Potassium bicarbonate fungicide + insecticidal soap","notes":"Separate products with lower toxicity; no systemic fungicide residue; bee-safe when dry"}],"notes":null},"regulatory":{"applicable_regulations":[{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"EPA FIFRA — Registered pesticide","citation":null,"requirements":"EPA registration required.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":"EPA","penalties":null,"source_ref":null},{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"California Proposition 65","citation":null,"requirements":"Myclobutanil listed — reproductive toxicant. Products sold in CA require Prop 65 warning.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":"OEHHA","penalties":null,"source_ref":null}],"certifications":[],"labeling":{"required_disclosures":["EPA registration","Active ingredients","Prop 65 warning (California)"],"prop65_warning":{"required":true,"chemicals":["Myclobutanil"],"endpoint":"reproductive_harm","notes":null},"ghs_labeling":{"required":null,"signal_word":"CAUTION","pictograms":["exclamation_mark","environment"],"hazard_statements":["Harmful if absorbed through skin","Toxic to aquatic life"],"notes":null},"hidden_ingredients":{"trade_secret_protected":null,"categories_hidden":[],"estimated_count":null,"known_concerns":null,"notes":null},"notes":null},"recalls":[],"regulatory_gap":null,"notes":null},"lifecycle":{"recyclable":false,"disposal_guidance":"Hazardous waste disposal","hazardous_waste":true,"expected_lifespan":"2-3_years"},"formulation":{"form":"liquid_concentrate_or_RTU","key_ingredients":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000873","name":"Myclobutanil","role":"systemic_fungicide","concentration_pct":"0.5-2.0"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000369","name":"Tau-fluvalinate","role":"insecticide","concentration_pct":"0.5-1.0"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Neem oil (azadirachtin)","role":"insecticide_miticide","concentration_pct":"0.5-2.0"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Inert ingredients (water, surfactants)","role":"carrier","concentration_pct":"94-98"}],"certifications":[]},"materials":{"common":[],"concerning":[],"preferred":[]},"compound_composition":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000873","compound_name":"Myclobutanil","role":"fungicide","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000369","compound_name":"Tau-fluvalinate","role":"insecticide","typical_concentration":null}],"identifiers":{"common_names":["rose spray","rose fungicide","rose insecticide","garden spray"],"aliases":[],"manufacturer":null,"brands":[]},"brand_examples":[{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand A","manufacturer":"Consumer Products Corporation","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Widely available mass-market option"},{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand B","manufacturer":"Consumer Goods Ltd","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Popular budget alternative"},{"brand":"Premium Brand A","manufacturer":"Premium Consumer Inc","market_position":"premium","notable":"Upscale premium positioning"}],"sources":[{"type":"expert_curation","name":"ALETHEIA Safety Database","date":"2026-03-24"},{"type":"regulation","title":"EPA FIFRA — Registered pesticide","jurisdiction":"USA","id":"src_8254193a"},{"type":"regulation","title":"California Proposition 65","jurisdiction":"USA","id":"src_fe1d5adc"},{"id":"src_001","type":"database","title":"PubChem","year":2026,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000873"},{"id":"epa_pyrethroid_reregistration_2011","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA Pyrethroid Reregistration Eligibility Decision — cypermethrin/deltamethrin/lambda-cyhalothrin/bifenthrin/cyfluthrin/fenvalerate/tau-fluvalinate/fenpropathrin; type I/II classification; aquatic toxicity; cat sensitivity; sodium channel mechanism; human paresthesia; buffer zones (2011)","year":2011,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000369"},{"id":"aspca_apcc_pyrethroid_2023","type":"veterinary","title":"ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center: Pyrethroid Toxicosis in Cats and Dogs — type I vs type II CS/T syndromes; extreme cat sensitivity (sodium channel/UGT deficiency); bathing decontamination; methocarbamol tremor control; cyproheptadine; lipid emulsion severe cases (2023)","year":2023,"inherited_from_compound":"hq-c-org-000369"}],"meta":{"schema_version":"4.0.0","last_updated":"2026-03-24","timestamp":"2026-05-01T14:26:39.569Z"}}