{"hq_id":"hq-p-hom-000074","name":"Dishwashing liquid","category":{"primary":"household","secondary":"","tags":[]},"product_tier":"HOM","overall_risk_level":"moderate","description":"Liquid dishwashing detergent is a concentrated surfactant-based cleaner used for manual dishwashing, countertop cleaning, and grease removal. Formulations contain strong anionic surfactants, preservatives, and fragrance compounds.","synthesis":{"derived_risk_level":"moderate","synthesis_confidence":0.5,"synthesis_method":"compound_composition","context_used":"human_child","context_source":"product_users","exposure_modifier":1.1,"vulnerability_escalated":true,"escalation_reason":"Child exposure group","compounds_resolved":6,"compounds_total":6,"synthesis_date":"2026-05-09","synthesis_version":"1.2.0","methodology_note":"exposure_modifier and adjusted_magnitude are computed from ALETHEIA-calibrated heuristics (route × duration × frequency multipliers, clamped to [0.5, 1.4]). Multipliers are directionally informed by EPA Exposure Factors Handbook (2011) and CalEPA OEHHA but are not regulatory consensus. See /api/methodology for full disclosure."},"hazard_summary":{"key_concern":"Strong surfactants can cause skin and respiratory irritation; chronic dermal exposure increases sensitization risk; ingestion hazard if accidentally consumed","overall_risk":"moderate","primary_concerns":["EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, free acid): carcinogenicity concern (Not classified as carcinogen by IARC or EPA)","EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, free acid): endocrine disruption concern (Not EDC; however, mobilizes heavy metals in environment which may affect aquatic endocrine systems)","Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP / Na5P3O10 / detergent builder): carcinogenicity concern (Not classified)","Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP / Na5P3O10 / detergent builder): endocrine disruption concern (Not classified; high dietary phosphate may affect parathyroid hormone/FGF23 axis)"],"sensitive_populations":"","exposure_routes":"dermal (primary), inhalation (during use), oral (accidental ingestion)"},"exposure":{"routes":["dermal","inhalation"],"contact_types":["dermal","inhalation","oral_accidental"],"users":["adult","child","occupational_worker"],"duration":"minutes per use","frequency":"multiple times daily","scenarios":["hand dishwashing after meals","pre-rinsing dishes","cleaning cooking equipment","hand exposure to rinse water"],"notes":"Exposure to Dishwashing liquid occurs via dermal, inhalation. Children and infants face higher exposure per body weight due to developing detoxification systems, higher surface-area-to-weight ratio, and behavioral factors (mouthing, crawling). Key compounds of concern: EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, free acid), Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP / Na5P3O10 / detergent builder)."},"consumer_guidance":{"red_flags":[{"indicator":"Thick, concentrated formula without explicit dilution instructions","meaning":"May contain higher surfactant concentration; greater irritation risk","action":"Use less product; ensure adequate ventilation"},{"indicator":"Product labeled 'industrial strength' or 'heavy duty'","meaning":"Formulated with higher caustic potential; intended for professional use","action":"Not recommended for residential use; use gentler alternatives"},{"indicator":"Use without gloves for extended dishwashing","meaning":"Direct surfactant contact causes cumulative skin barrier damage","action":"Always wear protective gloves when dishwashing"}],"green_flags":[{"indicator":"Unscented or fragrance-free formulation","meaning":"Eliminates fragrance allergen exposure","verification":"Check ingredient list for absence of 'fragrance' or 'parfum'"},{"indicator":"Plant-based or coconut-derived surfactants","meaning":"May be slightly gentler than petroleum-derived alternatives","verification":"Check ingredient list for plant-derived surfactant sources"},{"indicator":"Hypoallergenic or dermatologist-tested claims","meaning":"Indicates reduced irritation potential","verification":"Look for third-party certifications"}],"what_to_look_for":[{"question":"Is this product fragrance-free?","why_it_matters":"Fragrance is unnecessary for dishwashing function and adds allergen exposure"},{"question":"What are the primary surfactants?","why_it_matters":"LAS and SLES are standard but highly irritating; gentler alternatives may be available"},{"question":"Does the label recommend glove use?","why_it_matters":"Responsible formulations acknowledge dermal irritation potential"}],"safer_alternatives":[{"name":"Castile soap-based dish liquid","notes":"Plant-oil-based, gentler surfactant profile; still requires gloves but less irritating"},{"name":"Mechanical dishwashing (dishwasher machine)","notes":"Eliminates hand exposure entirely; uses hot water and detergent more efficiently"},{"name":"Vinegar and baking soda for degreasing","notes":"Non-toxic, biodegradable; less effective on heavy grease but useful for routine cleaning"}],"when_to_worry":["Development of hand dermatitis or persistent rash related to dishwashing","Respiratory irritation during use, especially in enclosed kitchens","Accidental ingestion by child — seek immediate medical attention"],"what_to_ask":[],"alternatives":[],"notes":null},"regulatory":{"applicable_regulations":[{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) — soap and detergent products","requirements":"Must meet safety standards for toxicity; labeling requirements for caustic properties"},{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"EPA Safer Chemical Ingredients List","requirements":"Some surfactants may be on Safer Chemical lists with use recommendations"},{"jurisdiction":"EU","regulation":"Detergents Regulation (EC) No 648/2004","requirements":"Surfactants must be biodegradable; labeling requirements for allergens and hazards"}],"certifications":[{"name":"EPA Safer Choice","issuer":"EPA","standard":"Safer chemical ingredient criteria","scope":"Some products may carry EPA Safer Choice certification"}],"labeling":{"required_disclosures":["Principal surfactants and active ingredients","Hazard warnings for caustic or irritant properties","First aid instructions"],"prop65_warning":{"required":false,"notes":"Generally not Prop 65 listed"},"ghs_labeling":{"required":true,"signal_word":"Warning or Danger depending on concentration","pictograms":["Health hazard (irritation)","Exclamation mark"],"hazard_statements":["Causes skin irritation","Causes eye irritation"]},"hidden_ingredients":{"trade_secret_protected":false,"notes":"Unlike cosmetics, surfactants must be disclosed; fragrance components may be hidden"}},"recalls":[],"regulatory_gap":"Fragrance components unregulated; long-term skin sensitization from occupational exposure not fully addressed in regulations","notes":null},"lifecycle":{"recyclable":true,"disposal_guidance":"Empty container and rinse; recycle plastic according to local guidelines. Do not pour large quantities down drain.","hazardous_waste":false,"expected_lifespan":"1-2 months"},"formulation":{"form":"liquid","key_ingredients":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000735","name":"Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES)","role":"surfactant","concentration_pct":"15-20"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000730","name":"Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB)","role":"surfactant","concentration_pct":"2-5"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-ino-000083","name":"Sodium Chloride","role":"carrier","concentration_pct":"1-2"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-mix-000047","name":"Fragrance","role":"fragrance","concentration_pct":"0.5-1"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000728","name":"Phenoxyethanol","role":"preservative","concentration_pct":"<0.5"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Water","role":"solvent","concentration_pct":"70-80"}],"certifications":[]},"materials":{"common":[{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000014","material_name":"Surfactant blend (LAS, SLES)","component":"cleansing active","prevalence":null,"notes":"Primary concern is skin barrier disruption and potential respiratory irritation"}],"concerning":[],"preferred":[]},"compound_composition":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-001033","compound_name":"Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS)","role":"primary surfactant","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000735","compound_name":"Sodium laureth sulfate (SLES)","role":"secondary surfactant","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000728","compound_name":"Phenoxyethanol","role":"preservative","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-mix-000047","compound_name":"Fragrance/Parfum","role":"scent","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-002046","compound_name":null,"role":null,"typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-002056","compound_name":null,"role":null,"typical_concentration":null}],"identifiers":{"common_names":["dish soap","dishwashing detergent","liquid dish cleaner"],"manufacturer":"Various","aliases":[],"brands":[]},"brand_examples":[{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand A","manufacturer":"Consumer Products Corporation","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Widely available mass-market option"},{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand B","manufacturer":"Consumer Goods Ltd","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Popular budget alternative"},{"brand":"Premium Brand A","manufacturer":"Premium Consumer Inc","market_position":"premium","notable":"Upscale premium positioning"},{"brand":"Professional Brand","manufacturer":"Professional Products Co","market_position":"professional","notable":"Professional/salon-grade option"},{"brand":"Specialty Eco-Brand","manufacturer":"Natural Products Ltd","market_position":"premium","notable":"Sustainable/natural product line"}],"brand_examples_disclaimer":"Representative branded products of this category. Concerning ingredients listed in materials.concerning[] apply to the category, not necessarily to every named brand. Specific formulations vary by SKU and may have changed since this record was written; consult the brand's current ingredient label before drawing brand-level conclusions.","sources":[{"id":"src_001","type":"journal","title":"Occupational hand dermatitis in dishwashers — surfactant exposure and skin barrier dysfunction","year":2016,"notes":"Study of occupational dermatitis in commercial kitchen workers"},{"id":"src_002","type":"regulatory","title":"EPA Safer Choice: Cleaning Products and Safer Alternatives","year":2020,"notes":"EPA guidance on safer surfactant chemistry"},{"id":"src_003","type":"journal","title":"Surfactant biodegradability and aquatic toxicity","year":2015,"notes":"Environmental fate and aquatic toxicity of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates"}],"meta":{"schema_version":"4.0.0","last_updated":"2026-03-25","timestamp":"2026-05-14T01:27:05.976Z"}}