{"hq_id":"hq-p-hom-000068","name":"Apartment Buildings and Residential Properties Above or Near Dry Cleaner Sites","category":{"primary":"household","secondary":"","tags":[]},"product_tier":"HOM","overall_risk_level":"low","description":"PCE vapor intrusion affects 2–5 million building occupants; EPA probable carcinogen; no federal indoor air standard; estimated 25–50% of homes above contaminated groundwater exceed exposure limits Key materials: Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) Vapor Intrusion from Dry Cleaner Sites.","synthesis":{"derived_risk_level":"extreme","synthesis_confidence":0.757,"synthesis_method":"compound_composition","context_used":"human_infant","context_source":"product_users","exposure_modifier":1.265,"vulnerability_escalated":false,"escalation_reason":null,"compounds_resolved":1,"compounds_total":1,"synthesis_date":"2026-05-09","synthesis_version":"1.2.0","methodology_note":"exposure_modifier and adjusted_magnitude are computed from ALETHEIA-calibrated heuristics (route × duration × frequency multipliers, clamped to [0.5, 1.4]). Multipliers are directionally informed by EPA Exposure Factors Handbook (2011) and CalEPA OEHHA but are not regulatory consensus. See /api/methodology for full disclosure."},"hazard_summary":{"overall_risk":"low","primary_concerns":["Overall risk level: low."],"sensitive_populations":"","exposure_routes":""},"exposure":{"routes":["dermal"],"contact_types":["inhalation","dermal"],"users":["adult","child","infant"],"duration":"hours","frequency":"daily","scenarios":["Incidental mouthing or hand-to-mouth transfer by children"],"notes":"Exposure to Apartment Buildings and Residential Properties Above or Near Dry Cleaner Sites occurs via dermal. Children and infants face higher exposure per body weight due to developing detoxification systems, higher surface-area-to-weight ratio, and behavioral factors (mouthing, crawling)."},"consumer_guidance":{"red_flags":[{"indicator":"Identified safety concern","meaning":"Overall risk level: low.","action":"Review safety data; follow use guidelines; consider alternatives"}],"green_flags":[{"indicator":"Third-party safety tested","meaning":"Independent laboratory verification of safety claims","verification":"Check for recognized certification marks and test reports"}],"what_to_ask":[{"question":"What safety testing has this product undergone?","why_it_matters":"Third-party testing provides independent verification of safety claims"}],"alternatives":[{"name":"Properties in remediated commercial zones","notes":"Lower chemical exposure risk with verified cleanup completion"},{"name":"Residential areas distant from dry cleaning operations","notes":"Eliminates proximity-related VOC and groundwater contamination concerns"}],"notes":null},"regulatory":{"applicable_regulations":[{"jurisdiction":"USA — California","regulation":"California Proposition 65 (Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986)","citation":null,"requirements":"Products containing chemicals on the Prop 65 list require clear and reasonable warnings if exposure exceeds safe harbor levels. Applies to products sold in California.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":null,"penalties":null,"source_ref":null},{"jurisdiction":"EU","regulation":"REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006","citation":null,"requirements":"Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals. Articles containing SVHCs >0.1% w/w must notify ECHA and inform consumers on request.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":null,"penalties":null,"source_ref":null}],"certifications":[{"name":"EPA Lead RRP","issuer":"EPA","standard":"40 CFR Part 745","scope":"Lead-based paint renovation, repair, and painting standards"}],"labeling":{"required_disclosures":[],"prop65_warning":{"required":null,"chemicals":[],"endpoint":null,"notes":null},"ghs_labeling":{"required":null,"signal_word":null,"pictograms":[],"hazard_statements":[],"notes":null},"hidden_ingredients":{"trade_secret_protected":null,"categories_hidden":[],"estimated_count":null,"known_concerns":null,"notes":null},"notes":null},"recalls":[],"regulatory_gap":null,"notes":null},"lifecycle":{"recyclable":null,"disposal_guidance":"N/A — fixed infrastructure; lead paint requires licensed abatement","hazardous_waste":null,"expected_lifespan":"10+_years"},"formulation":{"form":"environmental_exposure","key_ingredients":[{"hq_id":null,"name":"Tetrachloroethylene/PERC (soil and groundwater contaminant)","role":"active_ingredient","concentration_pct":"variable ppb-ppm"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Trichloroethylene (TCE, degradation product)","role":"additive","concentration_pct":"trace-variable"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Vinyl chloride (TCE/PERC breakdown product)","role":"additive","concentration_pct":"trace"}],"certifications":[]},"materials":{"common":[{"material_id":"hq-m-env-000037","material_name":"Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) Vapor Intrusion from Dry Cleaner Sites","component":null,"prevalence":"common"}],"concerning":[{"material_id":"hq-m-env-000037","concern":"Co-occurring indoor VOCs","compounds_of_concern":["Co-occurring indoor VOCs"],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-env-000037","concern":"Potential contaminant: Co-occurring indoor VOCs","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]}],"preferred":[]},"compound_composition":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000037","compound_name":"Tetrachloroethylene (PCE, perchloroethylene)","role":"base","typical_concentration":null}],"identifiers":{"common_names":["apartment buildings and residential properties above or near dry cleaner sites","apartment buildings","residential properties above or near dry cleaner sites","apartment buildings and residential properties above or near dry cleaner site"],"brands":["Multi-unit residential buildings in urban/suburban areas","Properties on or adjacent to active/defunct dry cleaner sites","Commercial buildings housing offices above dry cleaners"],"aliases":[],"manufacturer":null},"brand_examples":[{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand A","manufacturer":"Consumer Products Corporation","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Widely available mass-market option"},{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand B","manufacturer":"Consumer Goods Ltd","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Popular budget alternative"},{"brand":"Premium Brand A","manufacturer":"Premium Consumer Inc","market_position":"premium","notable":"Upscale premium positioning"},{"brand":"Professional Brand","manufacturer":"Professional Products Co","market_position":"professional","notable":"Professional/salon-grade option"},{"brand":"Specialty Eco-Brand","manufacturer":"Natural Products Ltd","market_position":"premium","notable":"Sustainable/natural product line"}],"brand_examples_disclaimer":"Representative branded products of this category. Concerning ingredients listed in materials.concerning[] apply to the category, not necessarily to every named brand. Specific formulations vary by SKU and may have changed since this record was written; consult the brand's current ingredient label before drawing brand-level conclusions.","sources":[{"id":"epa_guidance","type":"reference","notes":"https://www.epa.gov/vaporintrusion/","inherited_from":"hq-m-env-000037"},{"id":"usgs_study","type":"reference","notes":"USGS PCE groundwater contamination survey","inherited_from":"hq-m-env-000037"},{"id":"atsdr_profile","type":"reference","notes":"ATSDR tetrachloroethylene toxicological profile","inherited_from":"hq-m-env-000037"}],"meta":{"schema_version":"4.0.0","last_updated":"2026-03-25","timestamp":"2026-05-14T01:32:30.398Z"}}