{"hq_id":"hq-p-hom-000042","name":"Roundup and Residential Glyphosate Herbicide Products","category":{"primary":"household","secondary":"","tags":[]},"product_tier":"HOM","overall_risk_level":"high","description":"Glyphosate is the world's most widely used herbicide. In 1974, Monsanto released Roundup.","synthesis":{"derived_risk_level":"moderate","synthesis_confidence":0.692,"synthesis_method":"compound_composition","context_used":"human_child","context_source":"product_users","exposure_modifier":0.935,"vulnerability_escalated":true,"escalation_reason":"Child exposure group","compounds_resolved":4,"compounds_total":4,"synthesis_date":"2026-05-09","synthesis_version":"1.2.0","methodology_note":"exposure_modifier and adjusted_magnitude are computed from ALETHEIA-calibrated heuristics (route × duration × frequency multipliers, clamped to [0.5, 1.4]). Multipliers are directionally informed by EPA Exposure Factors Handbook (2011) and CalEPA OEHHA but are not regulatory consensus. See /api/methodology for full disclosure."},"hazard_summary":{"critical_concern":"Glyphosate IARC Group 2A classification; 80%+ US urine detectability from dietary/environmental exposure; Monsanto/Bayer $11B+ in lawsuit settlements for cancer claims (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). EPA re-affirmed glyphosate registration in 2020 despite IARC classification discordance.","key_hazards":["Glyphosate IARC 2A (probable carcinogen); U.S. EPA maintains approval despite IARC designation","POEA adjuvant toxicity — enhances glyphosate uptake and systemic effects","Drift exposure to non-target vegetation and adjacent properties","24-hour re-entry interval before children/pets safe on treated lawn (not enforced or communicated)","Cumulative dietary exposure from glyphosate-residue grains/legumes (wheat, oats, soybeans, chickpeas, lentils)","Repeated season-to-season application (spring and fall lawn treatments) in 85 million US homes"],"overall_risk":"high","primary_concerns":[],"sensitive_populations":"","exposure_routes":""},"exposure":{"routes":["dermal","inhalation"],"contact_types":["dermal","inhalation"],"users":["adult","child"],"duration":"minutes","frequency":"weekly","scenarios":["Incidental mouthing or hand-to-mouth transfer by children"],"notes":"Exposure to Roundup and Residential Glyphosate Herbicide Products occurs via dermal, inhalation. Children and infants face higher exposure per body weight due to developing detoxification systems, higher surface-area-to-weight ratio, and behavioral factors (mouthing, crawling)."},"consumer_guidance":{"red_flags":[{"indicator":"Contains known carcinogen","meaning":"Glyphosate — classified by IARC or NTP as carcinogenic or probably carcinogenic to humans","action":"Minimize exposure; consider alternatives; follow use guidelines strictly"},{"indicator":"Overall risk level: high","meaning":"Multiple hazard pathways identified for this product category","action":"Limit exposure duration and frequency; use protective measures where applicable"}],"green_flags":[{"indicator":"EPA Safer Choice certified","meaning":"Meets EPA criteria for safer chemical ingredients","verification":"Look for EPA Safer Choice label on packaging"}],"what_to_ask":[{"question":"Is this product safe for use around children and pets?","why_it_matters":"Many household chemicals are formulated for adult use; children and pets have higher exposure per body weight and developing organ systems"},{"question":"Has this product been tested for carcinogenic compounds?","why_it_matters":"Products in this category may contain or release carcinogenic compounds; independent testing provides verification beyond manufacturer claims"}],"alternatives":[{"name":"Mechanical removal/hand-pulling","notes":"Zero chemical exposure; effective for small areas and isolated weeds"},{"name":"Acetic acid-based herbicides (20%+ vinegar)","notes":"Lower toxicity alternative for non-selective weed control"},{"name":"Mulching and landscape fabric","notes":"Preventative method eliminating need for herbicides in many applications"}],"notes":null},"regulatory":{"applicable_regulations":[{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) + FHSA","citation":null,"requirements":"Household products must not present unreasonable risk of injury. Federal Hazardous Substances Act requires labeling of hazardous household products (corrosive, flammable, toxic, irritant).","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":null,"penalties":null,"source_ref":null},{"jurisdiction":"USA","regulation":"EPA Safer Choice / Design for the Environment","citation":null,"requirements":"Voluntary program. Products meeting Safer Choice criteria can display the label. Requires disclosure of all ingredients and safer chemical alternatives.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":null,"penalties":null,"source_ref":null},{"jurisdiction":"EU","regulation":"CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008","citation":null,"requirements":"Classification, labelling, and packaging of hazardous chemical products. GHS-aligned hazard communication. Signal words, pictograms, and precautionary statements required.","compliance_status":null,"effective_date":null,"enforcing_agency":null,"penalties":null,"source_ref":null}],"certifications":[{"name":"CPSC General Safety","issuer":"CPSC","standard":"Consumer Product Safety Act","scope":"General consumer product safety requirements"}],"labeling":{"required_disclosures":[],"prop65_warning":{"required":null,"chemicals":[],"endpoint":null,"notes":null},"ghs_labeling":{"required":null,"signal_word":null,"pictograms":[],"hazard_statements":[],"notes":null},"hidden_ingredients":{"trade_secret_protected":null,"categories_hidden":[],"estimated_count":null,"known_concerns":null,"notes":null},"notes":null},"recalls":[],"regulatory_gap":null,"notes":null},"lifecycle":{"recyclable":null,"disposal_guidance":"Varies by material; check local recycling guidelines","hazardous_waste":false,"expected_lifespan":"1-3_years"},"formulation":{"form":"liquid","key_ingredients":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000002","name":"Glyphosate isopropylamine salt","role":"active_ingredient","concentration_pct":"41"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Water","role":"carrier","concentration_pct":"40-45"},{"hq_id":null,"name":"Polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) surfactant","role":"surfactant","concentration_pct":"15"},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000046","name":"Isopropyl alcohol","role":"co-solvent","concentration_pct":"trace"}],"certifications":["EPA FIFRA"]},"materials":{"common":[{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","material_name":"Residential Lawn and Garden Pesticide/Herbicide System","component":"Complete herbicide formulation for residential lawn/garden application","prevalence":"common"}],"concerning":[{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Glyphosate IARC 2A (probable carcinogen); 80% of US population with detectable urine levels","compounds_of_concern":["hq-c-org-000001"],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"2,4-D IARC 2A (probable carcinogen); non-Hodgkin lymphoma associations in farmers; 50%+ US adult urine detectability","compounds_of_concern":["hq-c-org-001611"],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Imidacloprid neonicotinoid; aquatic invertebrate toxicity extreme; thyroid disruption concerns; EU outdoor ban 2018","compounds_of_concern":["hq-c-org-001566"],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Chlorpyrifos (legacy, banned food crops 2021, LEGAL on lawns); organophosphate neurotoxin; EPA margin of safety concerns for children","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"POEA adjuvant (in some products) amplifies glyphosate toxicity 1,000× in aquatic systems; synergistic toxicity not captured by active-ingredient-only risk assessment","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"No consumer residue labeling for treated lawns; re-entry intervals designed for applicator safety, not family safety","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Spray drift and neighbor exposure; no buffer zone requirement for residential use (unlike agricultural applications)","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Regulatory gap: EPA reaffirmed glyphosate registration 2020 despite IARC 2A classification; no cancer warning required on label; litigation ongoing ($11B+ Monsanto/Bayer settlements)","compounds_of_concern":[],"source_refs":[]},{"material_id":"hq-m-chm-000056","concern":"Potential contaminant: Formaldehyde and other manufacturing byproducts","compounds_of_concern":["hq-c-org-000011"],"source_refs":[]}],"preferred":[]},"compound_composition":[{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000001","compound_name":"Glyphosate","role":"base","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000130","compound_name":"2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)","role":"base","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000065","compound_name":"Imidacloprid (Neonicotinoid insecticide)","role":"base","typical_concentration":null},{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000017","compound_name":"Chlorpyrifos","role":"base","typical_concentration":null}],"identifiers":{"common_names":["Roundup (Bayer/Monsanto)","glyphosate herbicide","weed killer","vegetation killer","non-selective herbicide"],"aliases":[],"manufacturer":null,"brands":[]},"brand_examples":[{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand A","manufacturer":"Consumer Products Corporation","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Widely available mass-market option"},{"brand":"Generic Mass-Market Brand B","manufacturer":"Consumer Goods Ltd","market_position":"mass_market","notable":"Popular budget alternative"},{"brand":"Premium Brand A","manufacturer":"Premium Consumer Inc","market_position":"premium","notable":"Upscale premium positioning"},{"brand":"Professional Brand","manufacturer":"Professional Products Co","market_position":"professional","notable":"Professional/salon-grade option"},{"brand":"Specialty Eco-Brand","manufacturer":"Natural Products Ltd","market_position":"premium","notable":"Sustainable/natural product line"}],"brand_examples_disclaimer":"Representative branded products of this category. Concerning ingredients listed in materials.concerning[] apply to the category, not necessarily to every named brand. Specific formulations vary by SKU and may have changed since this record was written; consult the brand's current ingredient label before drawing brand-level conclusions.","sources":[{"id":"src_001","type":"regulatory","title":"EPA 2020 Glyphosate Re-Registration Eligibility Decision","year":2020},{"id":"src_002","type":"journal","title":"IARC Monograph 112 — Glyphosate (Group 2A Classification)","year":2015},{"id":"src_003","type":"news","title":"Bayer Glyphosate Settlement — $11 Billion Litigation for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Claims","year":2021}],"meta":{"schema_version":"4.0.0","last_updated":"2026-03-25","timestamp":"2026-05-14T01:28:29.910Z"}}