{"hq_id":"hq-c-org-000009","name":"Dioxins and Furans (PCDD/Fs)","context":"human_adult","timestamp":"2026-09-10T09:51:01.600Z","risk_level":"severe","risk_profile":{"magnitude":{"mean":0.797089,"weightedMean":0.797089,"std_dev":0.110635,"confidence_interval_95":[0.625,0.95],"source_positions":[{"source":"IARC","year":1997,"value":0.95,"weight":0.41},{"source":"EPA CTX / NTP RoC","year":2021,"value":0.85,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"EPA CTX / CalEPA","year":2021,"value":0.8,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"US EPA","year":2012,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41},{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.625,"weight":0.35}]},"confidence":{"mean":0.756849,"weightedMean":0.756849,"std_dev":0.127359,"confidence_interval_95":[0.5,0.82],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.5,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1997,"value":0.82,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":2012,"value":0.82,"weight":0.41},{"source":"EPA CTX / NTP RoC","year":2021,"value":0.82,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"EPA CTX / CalEPA","year":2021,"value":0.82,"weight":0.30176}]},"recency":{"mean":0.553755,"weightedMean":0.553755,"std_dev":0.228859,"confidence_interval_95":[0.368,1],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":1,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1997,"value":0.5,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":2012,"value":0.5,"weight":0.41},{"source":"EPA CTX / NTP RoC","year":2021,"value":0.368,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"EPA CTX / CalEPA","year":2021,"value":0.368,"weight":0.30176}]},"methodology":{"mean":0.940796,"weightedMean":0.940796,"std_dev":0.119399,"confidence_interval_95":[0.7,1],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.7,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1997,"value":1,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":2012,"value":1,"weight":0.41},{"source":"EPA CTX / NTP RoC","year":2021,"value":1,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"EPA CTX / CalEPA","year":2021,"value":1,"weight":0.30176}]},"specificity":{"mean":0.783549,"weightedMean":0.783549,"std_dev":0.067659,"confidence_interval_95":[0.75,0.92],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.92,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1997,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":2012,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41},{"source":"EPA CTX / NTP RoC","year":2021,"value":0.75,"weight":0.30176},{"source":"EPA CTX / CalEPA","year":2021,"value":0.75,"weight":0.30176}]},"consensus":{"exists":false,"strength":0.262433,"disagreement_magnitude":0.339684,"warning":null}},"interpretation":{"summary":"Regulatory agencies show substantial disagreement. IARC classifies as higher risk (95th percentile), while HQ_DIRECT concludes lower risk (63th percentile).","confidence_note":"Moderate-quality evidence base. Disagreement reflects methodological and interpretive differences, not data quality issues.","context_note":"Stored in adipose tissue. Weight loss, pregnancy, and lactation mobilize stored dioxins. Background body burden has declined ~10-fold since 1980s due to emission controls.","warning":null},"sources":[{"id":"iarc_100f_tcdd","type":"regulatory","title":"IARC Monographs Volume 100F — Chemical Agents and Related Occupations: 2,3,7,8-TCDD + 2,3,4,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran (Group 1)","year":2012,"url":"https://publications.iarc.who.int/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans/Chemical-Agents-And-Related-Occupations-2012"},{"id":"atsdr_cdd_tox_profile","type":"regulatory","title":"ATSDR Toxicological Profile for Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (CDDs)","year":1998,"url":"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp104.pdf"},{"id":"who_2005_tef_dioxin_like_pcbs","type":"regulatory","title":"WHO 2005 Re-evaluation of TEFs for Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Compounds (TCDD reference TEF=1)","year":2006,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16829543/"},{"id":"stockholm_pops_annex_c_dioxins","type":"regulatory","title":"Stockholm Convention on POPs — PCDD/F (Annex C unintentional production from combustion + chemical processes)","year":2001,"url":"https://www.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/TheNewPOPs/tabid/2511/Default.aspx"},{"id":"epa_dioxin_reassessment_2012","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA: Reanalysis of Key Issues Related to Dioxin Toxicity and Response (TCDD Reference Dose = 7×10⁻¹⁰ mg/kg-day)","year":2012,"url":"https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/dioxinv1sup.pdf"},{"id":"iom_vietnam_veterans_agent_orange","type":"study","title":"Institute of Medicine — Veterans and Agent Orange Update Series (Operation Ranch Hand cohort + soft-tissue sarcoma + non-Hodgkin lymphoma + Type 2 diabetes association)","year":2018,"url":"https://www.nationalacademies.org/read/25137"},{"id":"seveso_ii_directive","type":"regulatory","title":"EU Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU on Control of Major-Accident Hazards Involving Dangerous Substances (1976 ICMESA TCDD release reference)","year":2012,"url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2012/18/oj/eng"},{"id":"yushchenko_tcdd_2009","type":"study","title":"Sorg O et al. — 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) poisoning in Victor Yushchenko: identification + measurement of TCDD metabolites in serum","year":2009,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19660807/"},{"id":"ntp_roc_tcdd","type":"regulatory","title":"NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens — 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Known Human Carcinogen)","year":2016,"url":"https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/sites/default/files/ntp/roc/content/profiles/tetrachlorodibenzodioxin.pdf"},{"id":"epa_dioxin_combustion_msw","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA: Inventory of Sources and Environmental Releases of Dioxin-Like Compounds in the United States (MSW + medical-waste + sintering + cement-kiln combustion)","year":2006,"url":"https://www.epa.gov/dioxin/inventory-dioxin-sources-and-environmental-releases"},{"id":"osha_29cfr_1910_dioxin","type":"regulatory","title":"OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1003 — 13 Carcinogens Standard reference (TCDD treated under PCB Aroclor PEL framework with skin notation)","year":2020,"url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-29/subtitle-B/chapter-XVII/part-1910/subpart-Z/section-1910.1003"}],"sources_scope":"record","warnings":["year_inferred:EPA CTX / NTP RoC:2021","year_inferred:EPA CTX / CalEPA:2021","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / NIOSH:potential occupational carcinogen","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: negative (ames: negative, 1 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: negative (ames: negative, 1 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Skin-Eye:eye irritation: category 2a-2b (score: high)","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Skin-Eye:skin irritation: category 2 (score: high)"],"meta":{"synthesis_version":"1.1.0","config_version":"1.1.0","n_sources":5,"db_version":48,"warnings":["year_inferred:EPA CTX / NTP RoC:2021","year_inferred:EPA CTX / CalEPA:2021","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / NIOSH:potential occupational carcinogen","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: negative (ames: negative, 1 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: negative (ames: negative, 1 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Skin-Eye:eye irritation: category 2a-2b (score: high)","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Skin-Eye:skin irritation: category 2 (score: high)"]},"schema":"synthesis","_notice":"ALETHEIA output is reference data, not professional advice. Not a substitute for primary agency sources or qualified professionals. See https://aletheia.holisticquality.io/disclaimer.","_disclaimer_url":"https://aletheia.holisticquality.io/disclaimer","available_contexts":["human_adult","human_child","human_pregnant","dog","cat","aquatic_life","exposure_ingestion","human_teen","human_elderly","human_infant","exposure_dermal","exposure_inhalation","exposure_ocular","occupational_exposure"]}