{"hq_id":"hq-c-ino-000057","name":"Sodium bromate","context":"human_adult","timestamp":"2026-08-28T04:14:58.280Z","risk_level":"moderate_to_high","risk_profile":{"magnitude":{"mean":0.542735,"weightedMean":0.542735,"std_dev":0.163726,"confidence_interval_95":[0.5,0.75],"source_positions":[{"source":"US EPA","year":1998,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41},{"source":"IARC","year":1999,"value":0.5,"weight":0.41},{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.35,"weight":0.35}]},"confidence":{"mean":0.724274,"weightedMean":0.724274,"std_dev":0.146523,"confidence_interval_95":[0.82,0.82],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.5,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1999,"value":0.82,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":1998,"value":0.82,"weight":0.41}]},"recency":{"mean":0.649573,"weightedMean":0.649573,"std_dev":0.228942,"confidence_interval_95":[1,1],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":1,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1999,"value":0.5,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":1998,"value":0.5,"weight":0.41}]},"methodology":{"mean":0.910256,"weightedMean":0.910256,"std_dev":0.137365,"confidence_interval_95":[1,1],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.7,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1999,"value":1,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":1998,"value":1,"weight":0.41}]},"specificity":{"mean":0.800855,"weightedMean":0.800855,"std_dev":0.07784,"confidence_interval_95":[0.92,0.92],"source_positions":[{"source":"HQ_DIRECT","year":2026,"value":0.92,"weight":0.35},{"source":"IARC","year":1999,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41},{"source":"US EPA","year":1998,"value":0.75,"weight":0.41}]},"consensus":{"exists":false,"strength":0,"disagreement_magnitude":0.314261,"warning":null}},"interpretation":{"summary":"Regulatory agencies show substantial disagreement. US EPA classifies as higher risk (75th percentile), while HQ_DIRECT concludes lower risk (35th percentile).","confidence_note":"Moderate-quality evidence base. Disagreement reflects methodological and interpretive differences, not data quality issues.","context_note":null,"warning":null},"sources":[{"id":"iarc_bromate_monograph73_1999","type":"regulatory","title":"IARC Monograph Volume 73 1999: Potassium Bromate Group 2B; Rat Renal Tubular Carcinoma Peritoneal Mesothelioma Thyroid Tumors; 8-OHdG Oxidative DNA Damage; Genotoxic Mechanism; Bromate Anion Carcinogenicity","year":1999},{"id":"epa_bromate_d2dbpr_1998","type":"regulatory","title":"US EPA Stage 1 Disinfectants Disinfection Byproducts Rule 1998: Bromate MCL 10 μg/L MCLG 0; B2 Probable Carcinogen; Ozone-Bromide Reaction; Cancer Risk 5×10−4 at MCL; pH Depression NH3 Addition Bromate Control Strategies","year":1998},{"id":"niosh_bromates_pocket_guide","type":"regulatory","title":"NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards — Bromates (KBrO3 + NaBrO3 class; cosmetic-relaxer + photographic-developer + flour-improver historical cohort framework)","year":2019},{"id":"echa_sodium_bromate_clp","type":"regulatory","title":"ECHA CLP Harmonised Classification — Sodium bromate (Carc. 1B + Acute Tox. 4 oral; Ox. Sol. 1; Aquatic Chronic 3 — bromate-class shared with potassium-bromate framework)","year":2020},{"id":"kurokawa_bromate_renal_carcinogenesis_1990","type":"study","title":"Kurokawa Y, Maekawa A, Takahashi M, Hayashi Y — Toxicity and carcinogenicity of potassium bromate—a new renal carcinogen (canonical IARC-73-driving F344-rat renal-cell-carcinoma cohort framework + bromate-class extrapolation)","year":1990},{"id":"fda_bromates_cosmetic_hair_relaxer","type":"regulatory","title":"FDA Cosmetic Ingredient Review + Voluntary Industry Reduction — Sodium bromate + potassium bromate use in hair-relaxer + neutralizer-product cohort framework","year":2008}],"sources_scope":"record","warnings":["unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: positive (ames: negative, 2 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: positive (ames: negative, 2 positive"],"meta":{"synthesis_version":"1.1.0","config_version":"1.1.0","n_sources":3,"db_version":37,"warnings":["unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: positive (ames: negative, 2 positive","unmapped_classification:EPA CTX / Genetox:genotoxicity: positive (ames: negative, 2 positive"]},"schema":"synthesis","_notice":"ALETHEIA output is reference data, not professional advice. Not a substitute for primary agency sources or qualified professionals. See https://aletheia.holisticquality.io/disclaimer.","_disclaimer_url":"https://aletheia.holisticquality.io/disclaimer","available_contexts":["human_adult","human_child","aquatic_life","human_teen","human_elderly","human_infant","human_pregnant","exposure_dermal","exposure_inhalation","exposure_ingestion","exposure_ocular","occupational_exposure"]}